從script_fu中學習影像處理技巧：製作小島圖案

 

 

 

l          執行[GIMP] -> Xtns -> Script_Fu -> Patterns -> Land使用預設的參數，產生上圖綠色的島嶼淡藍色的海水的圖案。

l          試試不同的參數，尤其是Gradient這個參數，你將有意想不到的新發現。

l          這個圖案是無接縫的圖案，執行[image] -> Filters -> Map -> Tile，（或Small Tiles）你會可產生多個小島圖案並排重疊的新圖案。

 

一、      Step By Step

 

每個步驟所產生的影像視窗

以圖形使用者介面製作小島圖案，需要的步驟：

對應到land.scm程式碼中的函數

l          File-> New，新增一個透明底色256x256影像，圖層更名為bottom。

3: (img (car (gimp-image-new width height RGB)))

4:(layer-one (car (gimp-layer-new img width height RGB "bottom" 100 NORMAL)))

6: (gimp-gradients-set-active gradient)

7: (gimp-image-undo-disable img)

8: (gimp-image-add-layer img layer-one 0)

l          執行[image] -> Filters -> Render -> Clouds -> Solid-Noise，點選Tileable選項，Turbulent選項不點選，產生灰階霧狀效果。

l          點選Tileable選項，產生的圖案是無接縫的圖案。

10: (plug-in-solid-noise 1 img layer-one TRUE FALSE seed detail xscale yscale)

 

l          執行[image] -> Colors -> Auto-> Stretch Contrast，增強明暗對比。

l          複製bottom圖層得到新圖層bottom Copy圖層。

11: (plug-in-c-astretch 1 img layer-one)

12: (set! layer-two (car (gimp-layer-copy layer-one TRUE)))

13: (gimp-image-add-layer img layer-two -1)

14: (gimp-image-set-active-layer img layer-two)

 

 

l          對bottom Copy圖層執行[image] -> Filters -> Colors -> Map -> Gradient Map，使用Land漸層，將黑白圖案變成彩色的圖案。

16:(plug-in-gradmap 1 img layer-two)

l          對bottom 圖層，使用Select -> By Color，臨界值Threshold設55，將灰階為190的灰色及其附近的顏色選住。

20:(gimp-by-color-select layer-one '(190 190 190) 55 REPLACE FALSE FALSE 0 FALSE)

l          對bottom Copy圖層執行[image] -> Filters -> Map -> Bump Map，Map Type選Linear Map，Compensation for Darkening狀態按鈕要點選，Azimuth設135，Elevation設35，Depth設60（landheight），其餘為0，Bump Map圖層設bottom圖層。

21:(plug-in-bump-map 1 img layer-two layer-one 135.0 35 landheight 0 0 0 0 TRUE FALSE 0)

 

l          執行[image] ->Select -> Invert，將選取區域反轉。

l          對bottom Copy圖層執行[image] -> Filters -> Map -> Bump Map，Map Type選Linear Map，Compensation for Darkening狀態按鈕要點選，Azimuth設135，Elevation設35，Depth設4（seadepth），其餘為0，Bump Map圖層設bottom圖層。

l          執行[image] -> Select -> None釋放取區域。

24:(gimp-selection-invert img)

25:(plug-in-bump-map 1 img layer-two layer-one 135.0 35 seadepth 0 0 0 0 TRUE FALSE 0)

30:(gimp-selection-none img)

 

二、原始程式碼：

 

 

; The GIMP -- an image manipulation program

; Copyright (C) 1995 Spencer Kimball and Peter Mattis

;

; Land --- create a pattern that resembles a Topographic map

; Copyright (C) 1997 Adrian Karstan Likins

; aklikins@eos.ncsu.edu

;

;

;      This script works on the current gradient you have loaded.

;      Some suggested gradients:

;            Land                  (produces a earthlike map)

;            Brushed_aluminum      (looks like the moon)

; 

;

; Thanks to Quartic for helping me debug this thing.

;

; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

; the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

; (at your option) any later version.

;

; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the

; GNU General Public License for more details.

;

; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

; along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

; Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.

 

1:(define (script-fu-land width height seed detail landheight seadepth xscale yscale gradient)

2:  (let* (

3:     (img (car (gimp-image-new width height RGB)))

4:     (layer-one (car (gimp-layer-new img width height RGB "bottom" 100 NORMAL)))

5:     )

6:  (gimp-gradients-set-active gradient)

7:  (gimp-image-undo-disable img)

8:  (gimp-image-add-layer img layer-one 0)

9:

10:  (plug-in-solid-noise 1 img layer-one TRUE FALSE seed detail xscale yscale)

11:  (plug-in-c-astretch 1 img layer-one)

12:  (set! layer-two (car (gimp-layer-copy layer-one TRUE)))

13:  (gimp-image-add-layer img layer-two -1)

14:  (gimp-image-set-active-layer img layer-two)

15:

16:  (plug-in-gradmap 1 img layer-two)

17:

18:

19:

20:  (gimp-by-color-select layer-one '(190 190 190) 55 REPLACE FALSE FALSE 0 FALSE)

21:  (plug-in-bump-map 1 img layer-two layer-one 135.0 35 landheight 0 0 0 0 TRUE FALSE 0)

22:

23:   ;(plug-in-c-astretch 1 img layer-two)

24:  (gimp-selection-invert img)

25:  (plug-in-bump-map 1 img layer-two layer-one 135.0 35 seadepth 0 0 0 0 TRUE FALSE 0)

26:

27:  ;(plug-in-c-astretch 1 img layer-two)

28:

29:   ; uncomment the next line if you want to keep a selection of the "land"

30:  (gimp-selection-none img)

31:

32:  (gimp-display-new img)

33:  (gimp-image-undo-enable img)

34:  ))

35:

 

36:  (script-fu-register "script-fu-land"

37:               _"<Toolbox>/Xtns/Script-Fu/Patterns/Land..."

38:               "A Topgraphic map pattern"

39:               "Adrian Likins <aklikins@eos.ncsu.edu>"

40:               "Adrian Likins"

41:               "1997"

42:               ""

43:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Image Width" '(256 10 1000 1 10 0 1)

44:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Image Height" '(256 10 1000 1 10 0 1)

45:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Random Seed" '(32 0 15000000 1 10 0 1)

46:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Detail Level" '(4 1 15 1 5 0 0)

47:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Land Height" '(60 1 65 1 10 0 1)

48:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Land Height" '(4 1 65 1 10 0 1)

49:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Scale X" '(4 0.1 16 1 5 0.1 0)

50:               SF-ADJUSTMENT _"Scale Y" '(4 0.1 16 1 5 0.1 0)

51:               SF-GRADIENT   _"Gradient" "Land_1")

 

 

三、其他函數的說明：